Who he was
Henry was wounded in the face by an arrow at the Battle of Shrewsbury at sixteen and survived surgery to remove it. He became king in 1413 and soon pressed his claim to the French crown.
The decisions that defined him
His 1415 campaign nearly ended in disaster, but at Agincourt he chose his ground carefully and won. He followed it with a methodical conquest of Normandy.
How it ended
The Treaty of Troyes made him heir to the French throne and married him to Catherine of Valois. He died of illness on campaign in 1422, only weeks before the French king, leaving an infant son.